Heart attack - the sad result of many cardiovascular diseases and the
number of deaths he is confident ahead of cancer, infectious diseases,
injuries and other ailments.
Crafty digits
How to recognize the threat of impending heart attack? Many patients find it suffices to control the level of total cholesterol and the problems can be avoided. In fact, it's not so simple. The same figure of 5 mmol / l in the 30-year-old woman and 70-year-old male smoker with hypertension suggests varying degrees of risk of heart attack.
Miscellaneous and destination, which will make a cardiologist for a man who had not had heart problems, and for patients who have already suffered a heart attack or stroke, or has had heart surgery or he suffers from hypertension disease , diabetes. Despite the fact that cholesterol levels in them are the same, the treatment will vary. Primary prevention - a reduction in the risk of stroke or heart attack in healthy people who have no complaints, no symptoms, there is only risk factors. A secondary prevention - a reduction of complications in people who already suffer from cardiovascular diseases. When it comes to the result of the laboratory, on the letterhead of the study there is a column where the prescribed rate, which is considered as normal for healthy people. However, this figure should not serve as a guide for the doctor if his patient - a person who is in the secondary prevention. For example, the same cholesterol. 5.2 mmol / l - upper limit of normal, but for a man who underwent a heart attack or stroke, it's wake-up call - require serious medical intervention. Likewise is the case with other indicators.
Myths about cholesterol
However, the phrase "You have high cholesterol" from the lips of doctors today are no longer sounds like a death sentence. Recently there have been studies to prove that the direct link between high cholesterol and heart disease is not present. Doubts about this have always existed, but in the late 90s of the last century scientific studies have provided unexpected details. It turned out that half of the patients suffering from cardiovascular disease, heart attack and stroke occurring in normal lipid metabolism. In such a patient all lipid parameters are normal, and problems with the heart and blood vessels are. The new concept, which adheres to today's doctors, says the normal levels do not necessarily indicate that a person has no atherosclerosis. High cholesterol - just one of the risk factors for atherosclerosis, although fairly significant.
Do not be late!
The disease acts swiftly. Changes in the vascular wall lead to the fact that changes its elasticity is narrowed vessel lumen. First developing ischemia (reduced blood supply) and then at some point the plaque ruptures, blood flow towards a blood clot formed, it completely blocks the lumen of the vessel and causes necrosis of myocardium. Myocardial dangerous because, if the first 6-12 hours following cessation of blood flow is not restored in the zone of myocardial perfusion, the heart may stop altogether.
But even if a heart attack happens, he does not have to be fatal. Doctors have several treatment options, allowing to prevent that person died. You can restore blood flow by the vessel, which is closed by a thrombus, using thrombolysis (ie dissolve the clot). Another way - to restore patency of the vessel surgically placing a stent. To this is introduced through an artery special device which is disclosed in the right place, like an umbrella, and thus extends and enhances vascular wall by restoring blood flow to it. The third method - coronary artery bypass grafting. Its essence is that in the arteries, blood flow is disturbed wherein, creating new detours. This is done through healthy blood vessels, which is attached to the coronary arteries. And the earlier diagnosis and treatment is started, the better the prognosis of survival. Rescue person possible if doctors act immediately - open the vessel lumen. But how to keep within the allotted "window" of 6-12 hours, if the diagnosis of "heart attack" is not always possible? 30% of heart attacks are without pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness. Sometimes when this version of vascular catastrophe is not even on the electrocardiogram changes!
The dynamics
But still, you can catch a heart attack. Most in the diagnosis of cardiac catastrophe modern professionals trust cardiac markers. There troponins, proteins specific cells. They appear in the blood for any damage to the heart muscle. Their Cchitaetsya markers of myocardial necrosis - in their presence, you can determine the extent of damage to the heart.
Elena Goluhova.
They were discovered in the late twentieth century. Now cardiologists know that elevated levels of trooping indicate the development of a heart attack. But trooping is often increased and intense physical activity, inflammation, chronic heart failure. Therefore, an accurate picture of patients is necessary to determine its concentration with extreme precision - a highly sensitive trooping I. The analysis recommended in the dynamics of 3 hours in patients with coronary heart disease and strokes. You can define troponin even in the car "ambulance" using rapid tests. This means that upon arrival at the hospital to the patient can be true and help save lives. Modern technology makes it possible to identify troponin in very low concentrations.
In addition, there is one more important indicator, opened recently - high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In recent years there have been a lot of evidence that elevated levels indicates a high risk of complications of heart disease. Among the other recommendations of medical science - the calculation of the low-density cholesterol. For the diagnosis of this relatively new approach is considered to be more informative than measuring only the total cholesterol, high and low density. It was he who helps to identify the active atherosclerosis. So today, the doctors appeared much more likely to "catch" a heart attack, and thus save the lives of patients.
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How to recognize the threat of impending heart attack? Many patients find it suffices to control the level of total cholesterol and the problems can be avoided. In fact, it's not so simple. The same figure of 5 mmol / l in the 30-year-old woman and 70-year-old male smoker with hypertension suggests varying degrees of risk of heart attack.
Miscellaneous and destination, which will make a cardiologist for a man who had not had heart problems, and for patients who have already suffered a heart attack or stroke, or has had heart surgery or he suffers from hypertension disease , diabetes. Despite the fact that cholesterol levels in them are the same, the treatment will vary. Primary prevention - a reduction in the risk of stroke or heart attack in healthy people who have no complaints, no symptoms, there is only risk factors. A secondary prevention - a reduction of complications in people who already suffer from cardiovascular diseases. When it comes to the result of the laboratory, on the letterhead of the study there is a column where the prescribed rate, which is considered as normal for healthy people. However, this figure should not serve as a guide for the doctor if his patient - a person who is in the secondary prevention. For example, the same cholesterol. 5.2 mmol / l - upper limit of normal, but for a man who underwent a heart attack or stroke, it's wake-up call - require serious medical intervention. Likewise is the case with other indicators.
Myths about cholesterol
However, the phrase "You have high cholesterol" from the lips of doctors today are no longer sounds like a death sentence. Recently there have been studies to prove that the direct link between high cholesterol and heart disease is not present. Doubts about this have always existed, but in the late 90s of the last century scientific studies have provided unexpected details. It turned out that half of the patients suffering from cardiovascular disease, heart attack and stroke occurring in normal lipid metabolism. In such a patient all lipid parameters are normal, and problems with the heart and blood vessels are. The new concept, which adheres to today's doctors, says the normal levels do not necessarily indicate that a person has no atherosclerosis. High cholesterol - just one of the risk factors for atherosclerosis, although fairly significant.
Do not be late!
The disease acts swiftly. Changes in the vascular wall lead to the fact that changes its elasticity is narrowed vessel lumen. First developing ischemia (reduced blood supply) and then at some point the plaque ruptures, blood flow towards a blood clot formed, it completely blocks the lumen of the vessel and causes necrosis of myocardium. Myocardial dangerous because, if the first 6-12 hours following cessation of blood flow is not restored in the zone of myocardial perfusion, the heart may stop altogether.
But even if a heart attack happens, he does not have to be fatal. Doctors have several treatment options, allowing to prevent that person died. You can restore blood flow by the vessel, which is closed by a thrombus, using thrombolysis (ie dissolve the clot). Another way - to restore patency of the vessel surgically placing a stent. To this is introduced through an artery special device which is disclosed in the right place, like an umbrella, and thus extends and enhances vascular wall by restoring blood flow to it. The third method - coronary artery bypass grafting. Its essence is that in the arteries, blood flow is disturbed wherein, creating new detours. This is done through healthy blood vessels, which is attached to the coronary arteries. And the earlier diagnosis and treatment is started, the better the prognosis of survival. Rescue person possible if doctors act immediately - open the vessel lumen. But how to keep within the allotted "window" of 6-12 hours, if the diagnosis of "heart attack" is not always possible? 30% of heart attacks are without pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness. Sometimes when this version of vascular catastrophe is not even on the electrocardiogram changes!
The dynamics
But still, you can catch a heart attack. Most in the diagnosis of cardiac catastrophe modern professionals trust cardiac markers. There troponins, proteins specific cells. They appear in the blood for any damage to the heart muscle. Their Cchitaetsya markers of myocardial necrosis - in their presence, you can determine the extent of damage to the heart.
Elena Goluhova.
They were discovered in the late twentieth century. Now cardiologists know that elevated levels of trooping indicate the development of a heart attack. But trooping is often increased and intense physical activity, inflammation, chronic heart failure. Therefore, an accurate picture of patients is necessary to determine its concentration with extreme precision - a highly sensitive trooping I. The analysis recommended in the dynamics of 3 hours in patients with coronary heart disease and strokes. You can define troponin even in the car "ambulance" using rapid tests. This means that upon arrival at the hospital to the patient can be true and help save lives. Modern technology makes it possible to identify troponin in very low concentrations.
In addition, there is one more important indicator, opened recently - high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In recent years there have been a lot of evidence that elevated levels indicates a high risk of complications of heart disease. Among the other recommendations of medical science - the calculation of the low-density cholesterol. For the diagnosis of this relatively new approach is considered to be more informative than measuring only the total cholesterol, high and low density. It was he who helps to identify the active atherosclerosis. So today, the doctors appeared much more likely to "catch" a heart attack, and thus save the lives of patients.
